Just Culture Is a Promise You Have to Keep

Cover of Before Harm Happens

“We fix systems, not people.” It is one of the finest sentences in modern healthcare, and in a great many organisations it is a lie, not because anyone intends to deceive, but because they have made the promise without building the thing that keeps it. Just Culture, done properly, is a genuine commitment. Left as … Read more

What High-Reliability Organisations Actually Do Differently

Cover of Before Harm Happens

Aviation and nuclear power get held up so often as models for healthcare that the comparison has gone slightly numb. The phrase high-reliability organisation gets printed on posters and strategy decks, admired, and left there, as if reliability were an attitude you could adopt by deciding to. It is not an attitude. It is a … Read more

Checklists Don’t Fail. The Conditions Around Them Do.

Cover of Before Harm Happens

The surgical safety checklist is one of the genuine success stories of modern patient safety, and it is also one of the most misunderstood, because its success has convinced a great many people that a checklist is a thing you can install. Print it, laminate it, tape it to the wall, and safety follows. Then … Read more

The Swiss Cheese Model Is Older Than You Think, and Still Right

Cover of Before Harm Happens

James Reason gave safety its most durable picture decades ago, and it has survived every fashion since because it happens to be true. Imagine the defences protecting a patient as a series of slices of Swiss cheese, stacked one behind another. Each slice is a barrier: a check, an alarm, a protocol, a second set … Read more

When the Patient Is the Last Line of Defence

Cover of Before Harm Happens

A patient goes home from a hospital that has, for days, surrounded every process with barriers. A second clinician’s eyes on the high-risk medication. A scanner that checks the wristband against the dose. A colleague who happens to walk past and notice something off. Then the front door closes behind them, and every one of … Read more

The Recommendation That Reached Two People Out of Six

Cover of Before Harm Happens

A speech-language pathologist finishes a bedside swallow assessment and writes a clear recommendation: this patient takes thickened liquids only, and nothing by mouth without supervision. The assessment was expert, the recommendation is correct, and it is about to fail, not because anyone disagrees with it, but because of how many people need it and how … Read more

What the Pharmacy Override Log Is Trying to Tell You

Cover of Before Harm Happens

Every automated dispensing cabinet keeps a log of its overrides, the times a nurse pulled a medication before a pharmacist reviewed the order. In the imagined version of the process, this pathway is rare, urgent, and justified, an emergency valve for the moments when waiting for review would itself be dangerous. Then you open the … Read more